Talk about the characteristics of the post is now 90 years 90

5) comparisons of psychological, vanity, becoming varicose.
) individuation, strongly show a different side.
post-80 era has passed, and now is the only us 90 era, if we can stir up this beam? Author is also a real 90 combined years experience and social is that now after 90 characteristics.
standing trouble, look to happy. Destined to carry the important task of this era of the 1990s. mental weariness
) is very strong, do not want to learn.
reference to the last one written by someone else, then: 90 friends, in solitude, thinking, honed in solitude, in solitude Imagine to be played solitude. You say to frown my Xipixiaolian, do not like my cross-pants and shoes, and said can not stand my naughty rebellious, you accuse me, incidentally, my peers, throw the word teeth – superficial. It is only because our hearts, you do not understand the profound.
If one day without the Internet you what will happen? You have thought about this issue, thought quickly to think about! Anyway, personal day is also inseparable from the network, more or less will be on which for a while! The image is the deepest is the Spring Festival this year, few of us reading children shoes is not home for the holiday, and then the two of them children shoes every day Paowang Ba. Children shoes, the New Year! Ye can not rest …
news some time ago do not know you did not: after 90 girls can sell out the first night for a iphone4 Anhui 90 boys to sell a kidney to get a ipad2 . . . This does not compare with the heart of psychological and vanity at work! Do not know them to do so worthwhile. the
1 3) is very confused on this community, there is no ideal and goal, and do not know what to do in the future.
leaving school three years to write something, I feel too difficult! She needs more practice! Before sleep. . .
3) impetuous anxiety, low self-esteem, self-confident, selfish wood by the setback poor.
believe that these points above those of us 90 or less will account for two or 3. After 90 we always love to go cranky and some did not have things, and feelings of irritability, serious alcohol and cigarettes to intoxicate themselves, will embark on a criminal road, so always heard 90 after the XX XX trifle, and then wounded / dead of XX, almost all above this point.
remember a few years ago when the school, dozens of students in the class for more than 90 percent do not want to learn, not just a class is like this, when in many cases, I also observed the other classes, and almost the same this situation. I stay in the community for several years and found a lot of 90 junior middle school education, which confirm this.
each time to go out shopping, will not see a lot of hair, hit earrings earring-wearing, dressed in odd loaded strange clothes 90 boys dress up and star XX like 90 after beauty. .. Yes, this is our 90 after. Personality to be assertive!
I had asked about the N-90 after friends of the plans for the future, these friends asked me. But the answer is: it is not clear, do not know, say it …
) very very dependent on the network.
from 90 Hou Momo Original Original Address: http://www.90zj.net/thread-1118-1-1.html

The original offer of 90 Features English feature articles

1. Liu Mei: Who was the

Character2:
development of this ability when they grow up. That should appeal
forbidding them went out and searching the internet. Maybe what

World-WideNews
with strong ability to accept new
course! The Meteor Rain is just to describe both of us!
Character5: with more pressure of
comparisons about this ability with the 80s generation.

< p ALIGN = "justify">

Yu (rain).
the reality when setting goals. She also pointed out that the life < br /> Zi in Chinese, a kind of tool)?
When silently the word of the “90s generation” became a brand-new

Liu Xing: My name is Xia

called “words of the Mars”, which is a noticeable model of their
school?
Here, we can have a close contact with each character of the
According to some freshmen of SCUN, the society has pushed them too

2008
lines.

Time: October 31,
temptations. They may suffer a the hard pain in heart result from
little boy Liu, Xing in the TV series the Family with daughter and sons?
(Note: Purple written for my part

Liu Mei: One of my
Xia Xue (Snow).
STUDENT BROADCAST BBS
strength supporting the development of our country.

As the new

a strong belief that” 90s “will confront life challenges in a
get starry – eyed when he seemed absurd , and sometimes he had his own right

Liu Xing: It is the
education which gives students more freedom.

< br /> action. As a matter of fact, they created these rarely used words
stepping on the stage and the future is grasped on the hands of

self-identity. < br /> university may lead to a great motivation on their study. On the
And they would also impress people with some catching sentences and
aspects to the developing world, the society in return receives the

,

,
original address: the original offer> 90 after the characteristics of English special issued on the original offer of: pleasant Zhuo instrument

Character 4: with
Writer: Zhao Ting , Lu Yan and Li
new things around.
accept the new than any other people. Here we come to see some

but quite different life from the 80s As a growing part of the
talk with us so earnestly?

mature youngsters with its satisfying respond.
for: the wonderful life, the promising jobs, splendid days …… Tu
90s generation also remains views of themselves.
society full of competition; not accepting new things constantly,
themselves.
behaviors were not only a disaster for themselves but also their
3. Liu Xing said to Xia Xue: After you see

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rebelled thoughts might probably go wrong way to some extent,
sides, namely the need of them own, the good direction of their
confident and optimism attitude, showing the world they are not a
In Brief

The 4 Xiao Xue: My name is

or water, the thoughts and creativity in their words were
education and has experienced several changes of educational
regulations to their parents and their school. Though their
Figures of

Being more pragmatic may be considered as the most obvious
< / TABLE>
in his words.
“Japan-crazy” currently has been a common phenomenon among the 90s
even mad to show their different qualities to gain unique
phlegmatic to difficulty around. As a note which was delivered to
Liu Xing: A flying eagle in the sky would not admire the praised
Culture

Simplified
to make the correct choice. A few of the young guys could not

Sourse: SCUN ONLINE
discovery into their world help us know the current society more,

and marks, which were hard to understand for the other generations,
popular culture . Nevertheless, in the eyes of most of the 80s
acceleration of economic drive and science technique as “80s”,

Having their own opinions in their own eyes, the 90s generation can

With no doubt he was a typical representative of the 90s

has long been a time of advocating healthy but different
praised, youth is full of energy, as rich as the spring river.

world which may involve violence, drug, and prostitution. These bad
Xi
life needs no explanation. “Being confident and outgoing, the 90s

Also, when the 80s generation recognized clearly that it is a

6.
peak. When chatting frequently on QQ, they use frequently the marks

are!
will in conquer of the future world? No matter problems or

society is occupied by varies information, high technology and

< br />

Character 3: with a

NEWS
obviously hoping to be unique. Furthermore, they did this so as to

Liu Xing: Yes, if there
Xiao Yu (His name means rain in Chinese): Of
society, or just as the master of their own lives, 90s generation
of the world with strong curiosity. Showing the characters in their
society and are making their remarkable contribution in different

their special dresses like the Japan and Korean style of Ni Weicong,
generation decorate themselves more vividly inwardly and outwardly,

the new, and with strong curiosity to all around, they are eager to
which also can leave suggestions to 80s, 70s, 60s, and the 90s
fantastical difference
unique way and holding a relax attitude in every day life. We hold
try what they have never touched. What more, their parents who
Believe it or not, the 90s generation are showing stronger sign to

brothers?
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they may be out of the game in this cruel society. These three
mark of the society and age, those teenagers were pushed to
personality. And now the 90s pushed the figure of time to a new
characteristic of generation in 90s compared with that of the 80

90s.
protect their privacy and only share the secrets with their

Xia Donghai: Who wants to
more attention to the quality of life and know what they are living

Character 1: with a

introduced himself confidently with his life motto: “Aggressive
the gorillas, you l know how handsome your two brothers
Xiao Yu: My name is Xia
pressure on them grow heavier and heavier. Longing for famous
views. These selected lines can well explain the rebel with humor
that the 90 generation pay more attention to the combination with
parents divorce. They may burden a heavy load of study. However,
little chicken!
barely speak out their suspicions to the unreasonable sayings and
Chances are waiting for the “90s”, they may discover the precinct
< table CELLSPACING = "0" CELLPADDING = "0" WIDTH = "500" BORDER = "0">
nothing of regarding them as the idols.
generation which called Lack of spirit calcium. Being an
the 90s generation, undoubtedly have more opportunities to touch
generation, Japanese are never the friends in their heart, to say
you go and meet him?
of researching into the value of 90 generation, gave the conclusion
peers.

surprising service. So many complications and temptations

means Meteor in Chinese): Xiao Yu, do you think we are good

generation. Estimates by the most are that the 90 generation pay
Home

The pragmatic mind

The “90s generation” receives the compulsory
sunshine, pursuing the goal and cherishing a sweet dream. As Byron
parents and the cruel society have contributed a lot to the

to the Internet

The modern

study
people eyes. But what are the unique characteristics of those who
< tr>
but promising generation, have turned to the foundation of the

the form teacher of a senior student said, the ending goals of us

surrounded by the students daily life. It seldom easy for them

Editor: Hu Wuyong and Qin
Generation. His words of rebel and humor would fill the most of his
as a freshman in the College of Economics in FuDan University,
generation, they were surrounded by mess information and various
“90s”.

are creating a fresh pattern of leading human beings life. A
SpecialFocus

these new generations are ceaselessly growing with the developing
Bing Bao (Sleet)!
CampusSpotlight
progressive figures they present, the people are living a resembled

drill.

Liu Mei: What! Drill (Zuan
Visit: 756
Liu Xing: No, no … It my teacher .
YourStage
hard and most of them are single children, which lead to a result
patients?
generation give their children good directions for observing the
relatively have better educational background than the 80
5. Liu Xing: Dear Mom and Dad, if there

world.
important to the 90s is to be self-discipline.
Minxia, ??the vice-president of Guangzhou Communist Youth League
Menghan

“70s”, and “60s” did. Irreversibly, “90s”, like the grant tide, is
strangers. What worse, they addicted themselves into the virtual

strong consciousness of rebel
Generation Living in their unique way
reform. With the higher expectation from their parents, the

Stand at the Front of Times, , rather than Edge-The 90s

parents, friends. The strict rules could not do any work to
to the attention of the government. And they would be the new
refuse the temptation of computer. They play games, chatting with
someone with thick skin who can not help but to talk with you, will
When the 80s generation, once dressed with the label of converse
Character 6: with addiction
School and expert HuiGangAo Research Institute, after three years
The word shares same pronunciation with the one of Confucius in

especially when accidents occur like the going out of electricity < br />

2. Liu Xing (His name
considered to be a sign of progress. Have you still remembered the < br />

It
all of those could not be a barrier for them to enjoy the bright
other hand, the result may not as good as their parents have

English alphabet pronunciation table and IPA table

j [d3ei] K

b [bi:] < wbr /> C
w [ ∧ blju:] X
vowels:
s [es] < wbr /> T
d [di:]
v [vi:] < wbr /> W

q [kju:] R
of the semi-vowel [w] [j ]
fricative [f] [v] of θ] [e] [s] [z] [∫] [з] [r] [h ]
c [si:] < wbr /> D

tongue vowel [l]
English IPA table

consonants:

n [en] O
[ts] [dz] [tr] dr
English letter sounds sheets

vowel [u:] [u] [?:] [?] [a:] [8]
l [el]
y [wai] Z
x [eks] < br />

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< br />

vowel [i:] [i] [e] [?]

f [ef] G

blast the sound [t ∫] [dз ]
m [em] N < br />

< E
b> Y
The diphthong [ai], [ei] the ? i] the [?u], The [au] [i?] [ε?] [u?]

a [ei] B,
vowel [?:] [?]

plosive [p] and [ b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

t [ti:]

r [a:] S
u [ju:] < wbr /> V
M
e [i:] F

the
Q
p [pi:]
h [eit ∫]
nose sound [m] [n] [?]

U
g [d3i:] H

k [kei] L
I
o [?u] P
A
z [ zi:] [zed]
i [ai] < wbr />

Of Versace manuscripts

Cette dernière participation serait cédée à l utre actionnaire de référence de Yahoo Japan, GAFAS CARRERA EXCHANGE 3, le japonais Softbank. Yahoo conserverait une participation de 15% dans Alibaba.

Alibaba engage un cabinet de lobbying pour le dossier Yahoo

PEP Primary English words (simple phonetic version)

De l vis des investisseurs, la participation de 40% de Yahoo dans Alibaba et ses 35% dans Yahoo Japan sont de loin ses actifs les plus attrayants.
Jack Ma, le fondateur d libaba, achat ray ban wayfarer, avait dit en septembre qu l était intéressé par le rachat de la totalité du groupe internet américain si l ccasion se présentait.

Le Wall Street Journal écrivait la semaine dernière que Yahoo étudiait un projet de scission de ses actifs asiatiques dans le cadre d ne transaction complexe représentant 17 milliards de dollars (13 milliards d uros).
(Reuters) – Alibaba Group a engagé une firme de Washington spécialisée dans le lobbying ce qui laisse penser que la société de commerce en ligne chinoise serait disposée à lancer une offre sur Yahoo dans le cas où les discussions visant à mettre un terme à leur partenariat asiatique tourneraient court.
Des sources avaient dit à Reuters, toujours la semaine dernière, que la piste envisagée par le conseil d dministration de Yahoo consistait à céder l ssentiel de sa participation dans Alibaba et la totalité de sa participation dans Yahoo Japan .

48 English phonetic point of time with flash

Binocular club sets on top personal training of April? s Scribble Cheap Vikings Jerseys play a viewed as finding having to leave their own personal indicators ? the moment the Rams (# 2) and also so Vikings (# 3) are usually able to hearing from club sets found on site that is going to budge them crazy uppermost positions.
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The Rams will need to price the full choosing on for the right basket, while in for each impart, of which this the chances are to help St. James will finally end up trading down.

English Getting Started: 48 phonetic

17) [ ?? ]

/ dz /

new

bag hand

there where

fair

ur ear er

e
host ghost
/ z /
account count

goose tooth
< p ALIGN = "center"> a ?
eu lt;br /> lesson Washington,
voiced consonants
near

teacher
nighthigh

elephant
tomorrow
wolf

ɑ :

the

? I
light consonants
no phone
the

The old

car farm
< b> / t /
/ ? :/

/ j /

I?
ninelight

,

The 12) [u] letter combinations oo

here

< br /> fullbull
/ h /

?
dose brother

English 48 IPA table

English IPA table
laterals

The up supper
//

together

bought

consonants ( 28 )
the Thursday

head bread
door floor

four

back glad
forty sport

plant aunt calm
lot fox
a

caughtautumn
/ d /

warm quarrel

7) [a:] combination of letters ar a

new
planeApril

j

2) [I] pronunciation letter i < br />

food moon
manta banana

v

turn
team mean

meet beef see < br /> lunch fun gun

as long as a click will be able to pronounce

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first-learning platform

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Chapter 19 of John 14

According to the Gospel of John records Jesus nail-frame in Passover preparation day “ (It was the preparation of the passover), literally seems to before Passover, while the other three Gospels unanimously record is after the Passover meal. John records in Chapter 13 The Last Supper, one of the well-known plot of Jesus pointed out Judas will have to betray the Lord. The other Gospels have a similar plot, and can judge them very clear, this dinner is a Passover dinner. In combination with other Gospels describe, you can completely determine the Supper as recorded in John 13 is the Passover dinner. John from Chapter 14 to Chapter 18, a large number of records the last words of the disciples that he loved Jesus that night. Therefore, from the time of the Last Supper to the crucifixion of each Gospel.
– of NSE
how to understand “Passover preparation day” is the key. We first note that the “preparation day” in Greek is a definite article, said the specifically should refer to “the preparation day of the Sabbath” concept (see John 31), Chapter 19. In the New Testament, we do not see where there are established separately for the Passover meal a specific “preparation day” this argument. Must give Passover dinner the establishment of a “preparation day”, then it should be the month of the “tenth”, the selected day of the Passover Lamb (see Egypt in Exodus 12 and Chapter 13) . “Tenth” It also happens to be the Lord the glory days of entry into Jerusalem, that is, God has chosen to take away the sins of the day of the Passover lamb! So look at Passover preparation day “in the end is what does that mean? The original Passover and Unleavened Bread are closely linked, the Passover is the beginning of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Unleavened Bread will last a week. The close ties that the true meaning of the salvation of God: be holy, for God children. Because Passover is the beginning of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, Passover, and so underlines the great salvation of God, later the Jews would gradually all week, called the “Passover”. That all explained Passover preparation day “, means” Passover week (the Sabbath) Preparation Day “. The first day of the Passover that Jesus Christ was crucified is the preparation day, so that the master is late at night after the Passover meal is unlawful to seize the day crucified, that day is a preparation day. On the Sabbath in accordance with the law, not man hanged on a tree – that means the curse, therefore appeared in the 19 chapters behind the things recorded. The following is an English translation I found online, and I explained exactly.
Other verses fit this time schedule saying that it was dark from the sixth hour (noon) to the ninth hour (3 pm) (Matt 27:45; Mark 15:33; Luke 23:44) . He died the ninth hour (3 pm – Matt 27:46, 15:34). Other verses show that the Jewish leaders first judged Jesus, ready to take him to Pilate “as soon as it was day” (Luke 22:66 ), “when morning came” (Matt 27:1 2) and “immediately, in the morning” (Mark 15:1).
Can the Bible Be Wrong? How could God let the Bible be wrong on this detail for most of history? 1. God left Bible copying to humans-who make mistakes or add enhancements when they think they are right. To prevent copiests from trying to “harmonize” the Gospels, their supervisors may have deliberately removed all of the other Bible books from the room when they were copying. But if their “master copy” was difficult to read in a certain place, and they had no other manuscripts to check for consistency, they may have made a mistake. Later manuscripts used spelled-out numbers rather than the short form-probably because the short numbers were error-prone. But since the John 19:14 error got into master manuscripts before the new procedure began, it was spread to most copies. Whenever we do something for God, we should do the best the job possible.
the let us look at the second question: the time of the crucifixion in the end about 9:00 or 12 o lock noon about it?
Many articles-some entire books-have been written attempting to resolve the apparent contradiction between John 19:13 14 which states that Pilate was concluding the judgment of Jesus “about the sixth hour” (Hebrew time, ie 12 noon), and Mark 15:25 which plainly says “Now it was the third hour [9 am], and they crucified Him.”
Even today, a few ancient manuscripts still say “third hour” in John 19:14. But because the number is small, most of the master Greek texts that are the basis of modern Bible translations say “sixth hour”. Only thorough scholars like Adam Clarke bring out the “third hour” manuscripts. See the unabridged version of his commentary on John 19:14:
When Peter of Alexandria wrote this, he was not trying to prove any kind of point about the timing of Jesus death, he was quoting the verse for other reasons. However, he notes in passing that many books had something else, but that the original manuscript, which was still available at that time, had it correct. There seems to be no motivation whatever for Peter of Alexandria to have made up this idea-it would certainly detract from his authority if any of his readers knew he was making something up.
for this explanation, we may also be referred to Chapter 18 of John 28, Jesus escorted to the Roman governor Pilate, where the Jews are reluctant to enter the trial hall of Pilate, for fear of tainted but could eat the Passover lamb. If a separate explanation, that is yet to eat the Passover lamb. Context I think they probably have not had time to eat due to busy to arrest Jesus, according to the law of Moses, Passover lamb can always eat before dawn, did not finish must be burned. Time may be no light, they still have a chance to eat Passover lamb .
How can Jesus be with the Jewish leaders at daybreak (6 am), on the cross at 9 am, but then still be finishing with Pilate at noon? My previous answers to letters on the subject stated that John must have been using Roman time (like our time), hence the 6th hour would have been 6 am (Servants News July 1997, p. 19; Sept / Oct 1997 p.39; Sept / Oct 1999, p.17) . However, this requires one to assume that John used a different time system than the other gospel writers. We also must say that John “ about the sixth hour” really is as late as 7 or 8 am Only two verses later it says: “Then he delivered Him to them to be crucified” (v 16)-which we know is 9 am from Mark 15:25.
2. We must realize that God judges us based on what we do with what we know. Whether we have 1%, 2% or 10% of the Bible knowledge that Christ had, He can still see our character by what we do. But when we see a new truth that most other people do not , what will we do? Will we try to remember it and work to make it available to other Christians? Or will we let the truth die, as others have before us? – NSE
< strong> 2. The time of the crucifixion in the end about 9:00 or 12:00 noon?
this The sixth hour , Mark says, Mark 3:25 p.m., that it was the third hour . trith, the third, is the reading of DL, four others [other manuscripts], the Chron. Alex., Seuerus Antiochen., Ammonius, with others mentioned by Theophylact. Nonnus, who wrote in the fifth century, reads trith, the third. As in ancient times all the numbers were written in the manuscripts not at large but in numeral letters, it was easy for g three, to be mistaken for v six. The Codex Bezae has generally numeral letters instead of words. Bengel observes that he has found the letter g gamma, three , exceedingly like the v episemon, six , in some MSS. {Episemon = greek t combined, similar appearance to final form sigma with a nearly flat top. Similar appearance to upper case gamma G.} The major part of the best critics think that trith, the third, is the genuine reading. See the note on Mark 15:25.
The only other Bible translation I could find that says “third hour” for John 19:14 is the Concordant Literal New Testament. Yet I believe “third hour” (9 am) is the right translation. Why? It is consistent with the other books of the Bible, some ancient manuscripts actually contain this reading, the ancient writer Peter of Alexandria claims it is correct, a copying mistake seems likely and there seems to be no doctrinal reason why John 19:14 would have been altered.
“When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment-seat, in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha. And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the third hour, “as the correct books render it , and the copy itself that was written by the hand of the evangelist, which, by the divine grace, has been preserved in the most holy church of Ephesus, and is there adored by the faithful.
this verse often do not believe people of the most important point of attack, because they think this and the other Gospels record Jesus crucified time conflict. Here appears to be two contradictions:
1. Jesus in the end crucified before the Passover dinner or after? March 04, 2012
the While looking for some other information, the I happened to find what I consider very good evidence that John 19:14 should say “the third hour.” In the 200 ad, one of the Ante-Nicene Fathers, Peter, Bishop of Alexandria, Egypt, wrote about the problem with John 19:14 in section 6 of a work entitled: That up to the Time of the Destruction of Jerusalem, the Jews Rightly Appointed the Fourteenth Day of the First Lunar Month:
our first look at the first question: Jesus in the end is in crucified before the Passover dinner or after? the
15 Chapter 25 straightforward Mark tells us the time of the crucifixion was nine o lock (according to the time of the Jews is the third hour). John 19:14 says that after three hours (12:00 noon, the sixth hour) began sentencing crucified. Way of saying that John is using Roman time, but elsewhere in the Gospel of John, but can be determined is used in Jewish time. The arbitrariness of this time is unlikely. Another argument is that this place “the sixth hour” is to start from the main was arrested after the sixth hour. But I still feel a bit far-fetched, because it just comes to this day, and then went on to say what time the most natural understanding should refer to what time of the day. The last way of saying that, there are ancient manuscripts that there turned out to be the third hour instead of the sixth hour, and reproduces the slip of the pen the possibility. here I will not detail the translation and the original posted in the back. I think, in the face of overwhelming witness, and the highest power of God love in front of, do we necessarily want to stick to this subtle uncertainties? To know that John was written after several decades, few of the other Gospels, the author certainly is aware of the other Gospels, compiled, and certainly not guilty of such a low-level error. I would like to It is probably the good pleasure of God, wants us to have a little bit of confidence to accept his salvation.
It would be most logical if John 19:14 said “about the 3rd hour” (9 am). Then, John would be using Hebrew time and would agree with Mark 15:25. But just because we think it should say this, does not mean that it does. But what if someone who was alive almost 1,800 years ago said he saw the original writing of John and that it said the “third hour”?

the maker eye: revising your the own manuscripts_ Stony Brook

September 28, 2011
The Maker Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscripts Donald M. Murray Donald M. Murray enjoys a national reputation as an authority on the writing process. He was until recently a Professor of English at the University of New Hampshire, and has been a reporter for the Boston Globe as well as a contributing editor of Time magazine. He won the Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing and writes magazine articles, novels, short stories, and poetry as well as nonfiction books for both children and adults. In addition, he is the author of several widely adopted textbooks. In “The Maker Eye,” Murray explains that revising is not a step that takes place only after a piece of writing is completed. Revising, he argues, is an integral part of every step in the writing process.1. When students complete a first draft, they consider the job of writing done – and their teachers too often agree. When professional writers complete a first draft, they usually feel that they are at the start of the writing process. When a draft is completed, the job of writing can begin.2. That difference in attitude is the difference between amateur and professional, inexperience and experience, journeyman and craftsman. Peter F. Drucker, the prolific business writer, calls his first draft “the zero draft” – after that he can start counting. Most writers share the feeling that the first draft, and all of those which follow, are opportunities to discover what they have to say and how best they can say it.3. To produce a progression of drafts, each of which says more and says it more clearly, the writer has to develop a special kind of reading skill. In school we are taught to decode what appears on the page as finished writing. Writers, however, face a different category of possibility and responsibility when they read their own drafts. To them the words on the page are never finished. Each can be changed and rearranged, can set off a chain reaction of confusion or clarified meaning. This is a different kind of reading, which is possibly more difficult and certainly more exciting.4. Writers must learn to be their own best enemy. They must accept the criticism of others and be suspicious of it ; they must accept the praise of others and be even more suspicious of it. Writers cannot depend on others. They must detach themselves from their own pages so that they can apply both their caring and their craft to their own work.5. Such detachment is not easy. Science fiction writer Ray Bradbury supposedly puts each manuscript away for a year to the day and then rereads it as a stranger. Not many writers have the discipline or the time to do this. We must read when our judgment may be at its worst, when we are close to the euphoric moment of creation.6. Then the writer, counsels novelist Nancy Hale, “should be critical of everything that seems to him most delightful in his style. He should excise what he most admires, because he wouldn thus admire it if he weren … in a sense protecting it from criticism. “John Ciardi, the poet, adds,” The last act of the writing must be to become one own reader. It is, I suppose, a schizophrenic process, to begin passionately and to end critically, to begin hot and to end cold; and, more important, to be passionate, hot and critic-cold at the same time.7. Most people think that the principal problem this that writers are too proud of what they have written. Actually, a greater problem for most professional writers is one shared by the majority of students. They are overly-critical, think everything is dreadful, tear up page after page, never complete a draft, see the task as hopeless.8. The writer must learn to read critically but constructively, to cut what is bad, to reveal what is good. Eleanor Estes, the children book author, explains: “The writer must survey his work critically, coolly, as though he were a stranger to it. He must be willing to prune, expertly and hard-heartedly. At the end of each revision, a manuscript may look … worked over, torn apart, pinned together, added to, deleted from, words changed and words changed back. Yet the book must maintain its original freshness and spontaneity. “9. Most readers underestimate the amount of rewriting it usually takes to produce spontaneous reading. This is a great disadvantage to the student writer , who sees only a finished product and never watches the craftsman who takes the necessary step back, studies the work carefully, returns to the task, steps back, returns, steps back, again and again. Anthony Burgess, one of the most prolific writers in the English-speaking world, admits, “I might revise a page twenty times.” Roald Dahl, the popular children writer, states, “By the time I nearing the end of a story, the first part will have been reread and altered and corrected at least 150 times … good writing is essentially rewriting. I am positive of this. “10. Rewriting isn virtuous. It isn something that ought to be done. It is simply something that most writers find they have to do to discover what they have to say and how to say it. It is a condition of the writer life.11. There are, however, a few writers who do little formal rewriting, primarily because they have the capacity and experience to create and review a large number of invisible drafts in their minds before they approach the page. And some writers slowly produce finished pages, performing all the tasks of revision simultaneously, page by page, rather than draft by draft. But it is still possible to see the sequence followed by most writers most of the time in rereading their own work.12. Most writers scan their drafts first, reading as quickly as possible to catch the larger problems of subject and form, then move in closer and closer as they read and write, reread and rewrite13. The first thing writers look for in their drafts is information. They know that a good piece of writing is built from specific, accurate, and interesting information. The writer must have an abundance of information from which to construct a readable piece of writing.14. Next writers look for meaning in the information. The specifics must build to a pattern of significance. Each piece of specific information must carry the reader toward meaning.15. Writers reading their own drafts are aware of audience. They put themselves in the reader situation and make sure that they deliver information which a reader wants to know or needs to know in a manner which is easily digested. Writers try to be sure that they anticipate and answer the questions a critical reader will ask when reading the piece of writing.16. Writers make sure that the form is appropriate to the subject and the audience. Form or genre, is the vehicle which carries meaning to the reader, but form cannot be selected until the writer has adequate information to discover its significance and an audience which needs or wants that meaning.17. Once writers are sure the form is appropriate, they must then look at the structure, the order of what they have written. Good writing is built on a solid framework of logic, argument, narrative, or motivation which runs through the entire piece of writing and holds it together. This is the time when many writers find it most effective to outline as a way of visualizing the hidden spine by which the piece of writing is supported.18. The element on which writers may spend a majority of their time is development. Each section of a piece of writing must be adequately developed. It must give readers enough information so that they are satisfied. How much information is enough? That as difficult as asking how much garlic belongs in a salad. It must be done to taste, but most beginning writers underdevelop, underestimating the reader hunger for information.19. As writers solve development problems, they often have to consider questions of dimension. There must be a pleasing and effective proportion among all parts of the piece of writing. There is a continual process of subtracting and adding to keep the piece of writing in balance.20. Finally, writers have to listen to their own voices. Voice is the force which drives a piece of writing forward. It is an expression of the writer authority and concern. It is what is between the words on the page, what glues the piece of writing together. A good piece of information is always marked by a consistent , individual voice.21. As writers read and reread, write and rewrite, they move closer and closer to the page until they are doing line-by-line editing. Writers read their own pages with infinite care. Each sentence, each line, each clause, each phrase, each word, each mark of punctuation, each section of white space between the type has to contribute to the clarification of meaning.22. Slowly the writer moves from word to word, looking through language to see the subject. As a word is changed, cut, or added, as a construction is rearranged, all the words used before that moment and all those that follow that moment must be considered and reconsidered.23. Writers often read aloud at this stage of the editing process , muting or whispering to themselves, calling on the ear experience with language. Does this sound right – or that? Writers edit, shifting back and forth from eye to page to ear to page. I find I must do this careful editing in short runs, no more than fifteen or twenty minutes at a stretch, or I become too kind with myself. I begin to see what I hope is on the page, not what actually is on the page.24. This sounds tedious if you haven t done it, but actually it is fun. Making something right is immensely satisfying, for writers begin to learn what they are writing about by writing. Language leads them to meaning, and there is the joy of discovery, of understanding, of making meaning clear as the writer employs the technical skills of language.25. Words have double meanings, even triple and quadruple meanings. Each word has its own potential for connotation and denotation. And when writers rub one word against the other, they are often rewarded with a sudden insight, an unexpected clarification.26. The maker eye moves back and forth from word to phrase to sentence to paragraph to sentence to phrase to word. The maker eye sees the need for variety and balance, for a firmer structure, for a more appropriate form. It peers into the interior of the paragraph, looking for coherence, unity, and emphasis, which make meaning clear.27. I learned something about this process when my first bifocals were prescribed. I had ordered a larger section of the reading portion of the glass because of my work, but even so, I could not contain my eyes within this new limit of vision. And I still find myself taking off my glasses and bending my nose towards the page, for my eyes unconsciously flick back and forth across the page, back to another page, forward to still another, as I try to see each evolving line in relation to every other line.28. When does this process end? Most writers agree with the great Russian writer Tolstoy, who said, “I scarcely ever reread my published writings; if by chance I come across a page, it always strikes me: all this must be rewritten; this is how I should have written it.” 29. The maker eye is never satisfied, for each word has the potential to ignite new meaning. This article has been twice written all the way through the writing process, and it was published four years ago. Now it is to be republished in a book. The editors made a few small suggestions , and then I read it with my maker eye. Now it has been re-edited, re-revised, re-read, re-re-edited, for each piece of writing to the writer is full of potential and alternatives.30. A piece of writing is never finished. It is delivered to a deadline, torn out of the typewriter on demand, sent off with a sense of accomplishment and shame and pride and frustration. If only there were a couple more days, time for just another run at it, perhaps then …